The cycle of Biogas |
Use of biogas as an alternative energy in Indonesia is very possible to be applied in society, especially now fuel prices are more expensive and sometimes scarce existence. The amount of the potential for solid waste biomass in Indonesia is 49807.43 MW. Biomass such as wood, from the activities of the forest processing industry, agriculture and farming, animal manure, such as faecal of cow, buffalo, horses, and pigs are also found in almost of all Indonesian provinces with different qualities. At this time biomass as a source of raw material of biogas is available in abundance and not fully utilized (Supardjo, 2005).
In general, the use of agricultural waste as raw material is more difficult to process to be biogas than the manure. The time required for the hydrolysis of cellulose from agricultural waste materials is longer than manure.
Simplify diagram of biogas digester |
In 2005, cattle farmers in Lembang, Bandung District began using biogas technology with digester made of 250 micron plastic. About 66 cattle farmers in the area of Subang, Garut and Tasikmalaya also been using digester with a capacity of 5000 liters. This condition is expected to occur also in farm areas outside of Java.
Biogas digester design made of plastic material |
A research was conducted in the United States on feasibility of fuelcell technology to convert biogas into electrical energy. Today the technology is not yet economically feasible, but is expected sometime in 2010 is to be used. Compared with diesel generators, fuelcells more efficiently convert biogas into electrical energy (10- 30%: 40-50%) (Aldrich et al., 2005).
Biogas technology is a technology that can be used anywhere as long as there is supply availability of waste to be processed and has enough water. In developed countries the development of biogas technology in line with the development of other technologies. For the conditions in Indonesia, biogas technology can be built with collective ownership and maintained together. Some of the reasons why the use of biogas has not been popular among ranchers or if there are many who no longer operate, that is, less socialization, less practical applied technology and need careful maintenance and a lack of knowledge of farmers about the maintenance of the digester.
by: Harrys, 01/10/11
by: Harrys, 01/10/11
References:
- Aldrich, B., S. Minott and N. Scott. 2005. Feasibility of fuel cells for biogas energy conversion on dairy farms. Manure Management Program.
- Aprianti, Y. 2005. Andrias Wiji Setio Pamuji : Penemu reaktor biogas. Kompas 15 Agustus 2005.
- Hartmann, H. dan B.K. Ahring. 2005. The future biogas productions.
- Soepardjo, A.H. 2005. Energi baru dan terbarukan. Kompas 24 Oktober 2005.
- Wiloso, E.I., T. Basuki and S. Aiman. 1995. Utilization of agricultural wastes for biogas production in Indonesia. Proc. of the UNESCO - University of Tsukuba International Seminar on Traditional Technology for Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development in the Asian-Pacific region, Tsukuba Science City . Japan 11 - 14 Dec, 1995.
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